{"id":984,"date":"2023-04-05T04:55:57","date_gmt":"2023-04-05T08:55:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/understanding-cultural-appropriation\/"},"modified":"2023-05-18T11:47:40","modified_gmt":"2023-05-18T15:47:40","slug":"understanding-cultural-appropriation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/en\/understanding-cultural-appropriation\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding cultural appropriation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-uxqy-0e2c21c2868b1122322b6a7f7771f60c\">\n.avia-section.av-uxqy-0e2c21c2868b1122322b6a7f7771f60c{\nbackground-color:#191919;\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/banniere-Comprendre.jpg), linear-gradient( to bottom, #191919, #070606 );\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-uxqy-0e2c21c2868b1122322b6a7f7771f60c main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-50 av-height-50  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='no-repeat' data-av_minimum_height_pc='50' data-av_min_height_opt='50'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgknzj24-1f88ba0e68bd2900d87daa86638ac336\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lgknzj24-1f88ba0e68bd2900d87daa86638ac336{\npadding-bottom:10px;\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lgknzj24-1f88ba0e68bd2900d87daa86638ac336 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lgknzj24-1f88ba0e68bd2900d87daa86638ac336 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#ffffff;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lgknzj24-1f88ba0e68bd2900d87daa86638ac336 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lgknzj24-1f88ba0e68bd2900d87daa86638ac336 av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Understanding cultural appropriation<\/h1><div class='av_custom_color av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>Definitions, history and background<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1g4mu-b9297d33a1476f2cc38ac77645528dc3 av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  width-100 first av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgkonhcv-69e9d3cb9d8b0e31e8bdcd878800f819\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lgkonhcv-69e9d3cb9d8b0e31e8bdcd878800f819{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lgkonhcv-69e9d3cb9d8b0e31e8bdcd878800f819 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lgkonhcv-69e9d3cb9d8b0e31e8bdcd878800f819 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lgkonhcv-69e9d3cb9d8b0e31e8bdcd878800f819 av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >The origins of the word and the concept<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-zvde-058bb380efb49b3d86bb913792db1041\">\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-zvde-058bb380efb49b3d86bb913792db1041{\npadding:3% 6% 0 0;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-zvde-058bb380efb49b3d86bb913792db1041 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_two_fifth  el_before_av_hr  width-100 av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lgkont2f-bcb5cc35b5a7eceb7f7554b9292ac309 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p class=\"p1\">Taken from the low Latin <i>appropriatio<\/i>, the word \u201cappropriation\u201d has been used in medicine since the 14<span class=\"s1\"><sup>th<\/sup><\/span> century to define the way an organism assimilates food naturally (REY, 2010). The word has evolved over the centuries. Around 1636 it was used to describe the action of taking property for oneself, and during the 18<span class=\"s1\"><sup>th<\/sup><\/span> century it was also used to mean [translation] \u201cthe condition of two bodies that can only be united by the presence of a third body that makes them unite\u201d<span class=\"s2\">(CNRTL, 2012). At first the word \u201cappropriation\u201d did not seem to have a negative connotation, it referred to taking possession of something or acquiring or adapting an item.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">The notion of cultural appropriation appeared for the first time in English in a 1976 paper by Kenneth Coutts-Smith, art historian and professor at the University of Toronto. He used the expression \u201ccultural colonialism\u201d to describe Western appropriation of cultural elements proper to the populations that had been colonized and were still dominated.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">Essays and reflections about cultural appropriation have proliferated since the 1980s. James O. Young is one of the significant authors who approached the subject from a philosophical and ethical point of view (2008).<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span>In his view, cultural appropriation occurs when what he calls <i>outsiders<\/i> take possession of elements created by <i>insiders<\/i> for their exclusive use and benefit. The balance of power does not have to shift, depending on whether the <i>outsiders <\/i>are in a position of hegemony.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">In recent years, in Quebec and elsewhere in the world, several communities that have a history of being colonized, rendered invisible and marginalized have started to have their voices heard as a result of their struggles to denounce the power relationships that still permeate contemporary societies and assert their rights.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13mk2-3a65071272441998bf740faaf69f9baf\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-13mk2-3a65071272441998bf740faaf69f9baf{\nmargin-top:-250px;\nheight:1px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-13mk2-3a65071272441998bf740faaf69f9baf hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgm0mmg1-3d52da7d14a036b13460e06133c81ec6\">\n.avia-section.av-lgm0mmg1-3d52da7d14a036b13460e06133c81ec6{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/bg-comprendre-1500x450.png);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-lgm0mmg1-3d52da7d14a036b13460e06133c81ec6 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-40 av-height-percent  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='no-repeat' data-av_minimum_height_pc='40' data-av_min_height_opt='percent'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgks6jdi-bbc39bba5d8b9b012b03fa8a2f40f04e\">\n@keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-lgks6jdi-bbc39bba5d8b9b012b03fa8a2f40f04e-column {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3); opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 20px 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3); opacity: 1; }\n}\n.flex_column.av-lgks6jdi-bbc39bba5d8b9b012b03fa8a2f40f04e{\nbox-shadow: 0 0 20px 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3);\npadding:5% 5% 5% 5%;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-lgks6jdi-bbc39bba5d8b9b012b03fa8a2f40f04e{\npadding:5% 5% 5% 5%;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-lgks6jdi-bbc39bba5d8b9b012b03fa8a2f40f04e av_one_full  avia-builder-el-8  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  round-raduis-bloc display-loading-images first av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top shadow-not-animated  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgks0xxq-8311f77ed7f01da7fccba191074279d3\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-lgks0xxq-8311f77ed7f01da7fccba191074279d3 .avia_textblock{\ntext-align:left;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lgks0xxq-8311f77ed7f01da7fccba191074279d3 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span style=\"font-size: 24px;\">In recent years, in Quebec and elsewhere in the world, several communities that have a history of being colonized, rendered invisible and marginalized have started to have their voices heard as a result of their struggles to denounce the power relationships that still permeate contemporary societies and assert their rights. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_2'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgm1sbe3-07e37b5e3ced93bd791a539a20bbdc9d\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-lgm1sbe3-07e37b5e3ced93bd791a539a20bbdc9d{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-lgm1sbe3-07e37b5e3ced93bd791a539a20bbdc9d hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-first '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8b6rq-e47c1e97826affaf19a58f8ac9e873f7 av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_three_fifth  width-100 first av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgkp5dlr-15c8f4ab5de9bab66c6e6e1f425b0434\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lgkp5dlr-15c8f4ab5de9bab66c6e6e1f425b0434{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lgkp5dlr-15c8f4ab5de9bab66c6e6e1f425b0434 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lgkp5dlr-15c8f4ab5de9bab66c6e6e1f425b0434 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lgkp5dlr-15c8f4ab5de9bab66c6e6e1f425b0434 av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-12  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >The different types of cultural appropriation<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-79jzi-af9117ae3d3251b1f7f88e13feaec531\">\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-79jzi-af9117ae3d3251b1f7f88e13feaec531{\npadding:12% 6% 0 0;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-79jzi-af9117ae3d3251b1f7f88e13feaec531 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_two_fifth  el_before_av_hr  width-100 av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lgkp903g-918b224612a504326b4673dc229158e4 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p class=\"p1\">Young lists several types of cultural appropriation:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li3\">the appropriation of art objects (when tangible objects such as paintings or sculptures pass from one culture to another)<\/li>\n<li class=\"li3\">the appropriation of content (involving intangible cultural objects such as songs, poems, stories)<\/li>\n<li class=\"li3\">the appropriation of style (when items proper to one culture are reproduced by the members of another culture; jazz would be an example)<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"li3\">the appropriation of motifs (when the members of one culture create new works using the motifs of some cultures but without imitating their style; one example would be Picasso\u2019s <i>Demoiselles d\u2019Avignon<\/i>, inspired by African sculpture)<\/li>\n<li class=\"li3\">the appropriation of subject matter or \u201cvoice\u201d (when some <i>outsider<\/i> uses either fiction or non-fiction to represent the lives and sensibilities of some <i>insiders<\/i> of a different culture).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p4\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p5\"><span class=\"s1\">Young attributes moral and immoral, offensive and non-offensive characteristics to each of those types of appropriation in turn, He believes cultural<\/span> appropriation harms a culture when there is theft or disputed possession of cultural objects, mistaken representation, distortion of some aspects or the perpetuation of stereotypes. In our time it is important to distinguish \u201ccultural appropriation\u201d from \u201ccultural borrowing\u201d &#8211; a notion that opens new horizons into a culture, refutes preconceived ideas and generates new works. What must be avoided is the obliteration of the \u201cother,\u201d negative and harmful representations of his\/her c<span class=\"s1\">ulture and the perpetuation of situations that could lead to systemic injustice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"p6\">Elsewhere on this site you will find a compass you can use as you approach an artistic project that involves some kind of cultural borrowing.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-v0am-ef20865d3b9a63d1f6371d3043c19836\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-v0am-ef20865d3b9a63d1f6371d3043c19836{\nmargin-top:-250px;\nheight:1px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-v0am-ef20865d3b9a63d1f6371d3043c19836 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8jvu-2e950027433dc2955d50f3c6705c3969\">\n.avia-section.av-8jvu-2e950027433dc2955d50f3c6705c3969{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/bg-comprendre-1500x450.png);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-8jvu-2e950027433dc2955d50f3c6705c3969 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-40 av-height-percent  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='no-repeat' data-av_minimum_height_pc='40' data-av_min_height_opt='percent'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1gpme-cb280526a216fd478cf9683bb197e732\">\n@keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-1gpme-cb280526a216fd478cf9683bb197e732-column {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3); opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 20px 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3); opacity: 1; }\n}\n.flex_column.av-1gpme-cb280526a216fd478cf9683bb197e732{\nbox-shadow: 0 0 20px 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3);\npadding:5% 5% 5% 5%;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-1gpme-cb280526a216fd478cf9683bb197e732{\npadding:5% 5% 5% 5%;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1gpme-cb280526a216fd478cf9683bb197e732 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-17  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  round-raduis-bloc display-loading-images first av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top shadow-not-animated  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2320q-9cbabc465fda52c724bf15ca29c16999\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-2320q-9cbabc465fda52c724bf15ca29c16999 .avia_textblock{\ntext-align:left;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2320q-9cbabc465fda52c724bf15ca29c16999 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span style=\"font-size: 24px;\">Any understanding of the concept of cultural appropriation must encompass the difficulties communities face in their struggles for decolonization. The Indigenous peoples of Quebec and Canada come to mind right away, but we must remember that cultural appropriation goes far beyond those communities.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_3'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2mo1e-28009367cae229004f3b0001b2cf41bf\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-2mo1e-28009367cae229004f3b0001b2cf41bf{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-2mo1e-28009367cae229004f3b0001b2cf41bf hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-first '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-26nkm-0b08bf77a48c5917d24231d1490302b5\">\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-26nkm-0b08bf77a48c5917d24231d1490302b5{\npadding:0 5% 0 0;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-26nkm-0b08bf77a48c5917d24231d1490302b5 av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_three_fifth  width-100 first av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgkpkd9e-126de47304399978b7ab59a02ac3a18d\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lgkpkd9e-126de47304399978b7ab59a02ac3a18d{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lgkpkd9e-126de47304399978b7ab59a02ac3a18d .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lgkpkd9e-126de47304399978b7ab59a02ac3a18d .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lgkpkd9e-126de47304399978b7ab59a02ac3a18d av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-21  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Main events to recognize<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1nt3m-95a3940e5c3de8c88c03388722d5212e\">\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-1nt3m-95a3940e5c3de8c88c03388722d5212e{\npadding:12% 0 0 0;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1nt3m-95a3940e5c3de8c88c03388722d5212e av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_two_fifth  el_before_av_hr  width-100 av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgktu8ie-bf9fbc7a04dbe4f78c877b5e9c28358c\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lgktu8ie-bf9fbc7a04dbe4f78c877b5e9c28358c{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lgktu8ie-bf9fbc7a04dbe4f78c877b5e9c28358c .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lgktu8ie-bf9fbc7a04dbe4f78c877b5e9c28358c .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lgktu8ie-bf9fbc7a04dbe4f78c877b5e9c28358c av-special-heading-h3  avia-builder-el-23  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >A historical overview of Indigenous cultures, making the link between struggles for decolonization and the issues of cultural appropriation<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgktvpar-dcd9f1c2a6a77eac4eea2bb5bbd8b99c\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-lgktvpar-dcd9f1c2a6a77eac4eea2bb5bbd8b99c{\nheight:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-lgktvpar-dcd9f1c2a6a77eac4eea2bb5bbd8b99c hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lgkttdu1-36caa0463365df4660d857362d04a76a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p class=\"p1\"><b>Highlights of the struggle for Indigenous rights from 1982 to 2019 (Quebec and Canada)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af\">\n.avia-timeline-container.av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af .av-milestone-date{\nfont-size:26px;\n}\n.avia-timeline-container.av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af .av-milestone-title{\nfont-size:18px;\n}\n.avia-timeline-container.av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af .av-milestone-content{\nfont-size:18px;\n}\n.avia-timeline-container.av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af .av-milestone-icon-inner{\nbackground-color:#f6f6f6;\ncolor:#ff00ea;\n}\n.avia-timeline-container.av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af .av-milestone-indicator{\nbackground-color:#f6f6f6;\n}\n.avia-timeline-container.av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af .av-milestone-article-footer{\nbackground-color:#f6f6f6;\n}\n.avia-timeline-container.av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af i.milestone-char.avia-svg-icon svg:first-child{\nfill:#ff00ea;\nstroke:#ff00ea;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  id=\"timeline-appropriation\"  class='avia-timeline-container av-lgwhvunk-0214c0bc7906c957603621d746d2b8af av-slideshow-ui  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last ' ><ul class='avia-timeline avia-timeline-vertical av-milestone-placement-left avia-timeline- avia_animate_when_almost_visible avia-timeline-animate'>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhu1x8-1a4827914e1da5b728052c9f1e779b3f av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-odd'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-1982' ><strong>1982<span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">The campaign to add section 35 to the Constitution Act, 1982 (recognition of Aboriginal rights)<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhubt2-0380bc9d836b623d94273e8404e347d2 av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-even'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-1990' ><strong>1990 <span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">Resistance at Kanehsatake (the Oka crisis), the Paix des Braves agreement<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhul72-4c7615142e9d9bde47c1fb7564f5eeb6 av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-odd'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-1991' ><strong>1991<span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhuubj-917b5a96d4092f1d116226d0c303a633 av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-even'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-1999' ><strong>1999 <span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">Creation of Nunavut<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhv6e2-765026c1447f29925047b3209c724e33 av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-odd'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-2008' ><strong>2008<span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhvdzx-fab8cd987450404c3e47f2de53de0328 av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-even'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-2012' ><strong>2012 <span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">Birth of the <i>Idle no more <\/i>movement, opposed to Bill C-45 among other things<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhvmr2-1a8b48e541465b397dff50172773256a av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-odd'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-2015' ><strong>2015<span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<li  class='av-milestone av-lgwhvtta-e00b65a68eb334491705852d2a7df5f0 av-animated-generic fade-in av-milestone-valign-baseline av-milestone-even'><h4 class='av-milestone-date ' id='milestone-2016-2019' ><strong>2016-2019<span class='av-milestone-indicator'><\/span><\/strong><\/h4><div class=\"av-milestone-icon-wrap\"><span class='av-milestone-icon milestone_icon avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='av-milestone-icon-inner milestone_inner'><i class='milestone-char avia-iconfont avia-font-entypo-fontello' data-av_icon='\ue816' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/div><article class='av-milestone-content-wrap'><div class='av-milestone-contentbox'><div class='av-milestone-content'><p class=\"p1\">National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class='av-milestone-article-footer entry-footer'><\/footer><\/article><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-153eu-a63d952ed57584b3fa718b5da1327ab0\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-153eu-a63d952ed57584b3fa718b5da1327ab0{\nmargin-top:-250px;\nheight:1px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-153eu-a63d952ed57584b3fa718b5da1327ab0 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12jtm-377a32a5a54369e2d60d8ad1f5727785\">\n.avia-section.av-12jtm-377a32a5a54369e2d60d8ad1f5727785{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/bg-comprendre-1500x450.png);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_4'  class='avia-section av-12jtm-377a32a5a54369e2d60d8ad1f5727785 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-28  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr  avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-40 av-height-percent  container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='no-repeat' data-av_minimum_height_pc='40' data-av_min_height_opt='percent'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1n3he-80c1bf76c7a76688654684a21ad1b6c1\">\n@keyframes av_boxShadowEffect_av-1n3he-80c1bf76c7a76688654684a21ad1b6c1-column {\n0%   { box-shadow:  0 0 0 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3); opacity: 1; }\n100% { box-shadow:  0 0 20px 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3); opacity: 1; }\n}\n.flex_column.av-1n3he-80c1bf76c7a76688654684a21ad1b6c1{\nbox-shadow: 0 0 20px 0 rgba(25,25,25,0.3);\npadding:5% 5% 5% 5%;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-1n3he-80c1bf76c7a76688654684a21ad1b6c1{\npadding:5% 5% 5% 5%;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1n3he-80c1bf76c7a76688654684a21ad1b6c1 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-29  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  round-raduis-bloc first av-break-at-tablet flex_column_div shadow-not-animated  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-vhyq-8ff45a47eeadf0d2ba05f83624d51cb5\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-vhyq-8ff45a47eeadf0d2ba05f83624d51cb5 .avia_textblock{\ntext-align:left;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-vhyq-8ff45a47eeadf0d2ba05f83624d51cb5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock txt-event-apropriation'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3>Those events, among others, led to the Canadian government acknowledging cultural genocide and highlighted the injuries and wrongs suffered by Indigenous peoples since the birth of colonization.<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3qqi-2a993db417818584573b8dcde4d79f5e\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-3qqi-2a993db417818584573b8dcde4d79f5e{\nheight:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-3qqi-2a993db417818584573b8dcde4d79f5e hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lgm2j27c-ef55830df8fafc133eaf90419123a57f\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-lgm2j27c-ef55830df8fafc133eaf90419123a57f .avia_textblock{\ntext-align:left;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lgm2j27c-ef55830df8fafc133eaf90419123a57f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>They supported movements for emancipation and calls for political and identity recognition. That is the backdrop for shows like \u201cKanata.\u201d[1] Artistic works and actions may, consciously or unconsciously, perpetuate the power relationships resulting from colonialist settlement and Indigenous policies.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 16px; position: relative; margin-left: 10px;\"><span style=\"position: absolute; top: -9px; left: -10px;\">1<\/span> Kanata, written and produced by Robert Lepage, started rehearsals in 2015. The controversy flared in Montreal in the summer of 2018.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_4'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13u1i-a5396c00148201f0fcb4bd4db461c6b9\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-13u1i-a5396c00148201f0fcb4bd4db461c6b9{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-13u1i-a5396c00148201f0fcb4bd4db461c6b9 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-33  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_section-420a0e42da28dcf855963fa1714b00d9\">\n.avia-section.av-av_section-420a0e42da28dcf855963fa1714b00d9{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/half-circle-1.png);\nbackground-position:50% 0%;\nbackground-attachment:scroll;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='section-boussole-endpage'  class='avia-section av-av_section-420a0e42da28dcf855963fa1714b00d9 main_color avia-section-no-padding avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_section  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-984'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_hr-e0d2bb4cbea8793849e7a7db05f2e3c8\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-e0d2bb4cbea8793849e7a7db05f2e3c8{\nmargin-top:-100px;\nheight:1px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-e0d2bb4cbea8793849e7a7db05f2e3c8 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-35  el_before_av_image  avia-builder-el-first '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_image-7690831eecc7633d0af7ddc5b358d147\">\n.avia_transform .avia-image-container.av-av_image-7690831eecc7633d0af7ddc5b358d147{\nanimation-duration:2s;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-av_image-7690831eecc7633d0af7ddc5b358d147 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-av_image-7690831eecc7633d0af7ddc5b358d147 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-av_image-7690831eecc7633d0af7ddc5b358d147 av-styling- 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.hr.hr-invisible.av-av_hr-c212a6610ca2a1554649fe7cde83d8bf{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-c212a6610ca2a1554649fe7cde83d8bf hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-37  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_heading '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_heading-aab8a203c190e9c0128ffbbe0a0e7742\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-aab8a203c190e9c0128ffbbe0a0e7742{\nmargin:0 0 0 0;\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-aab8a203c190e9c0128ffbbe0a0e7742 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-av_heading-aab8a203c190e9c0128ffbbe0a0e7742 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-av_heading-aab8a203c190e9c0128ffbbe0a0e7742 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-38  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_one_full  bold-subtitle'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >COMPASS<\/h3><div class='av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>A process in critical thinking<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lhq7oi6x-4bf6a7934917e5f07f2cfdca386215fa\">\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-lhq7oi6x-4bf6a7934917e5f07f2cfdca386215fa{\npadding:0 26% 0 26%;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-lhq7oi6x-4bf6a7934917e5f07f2cfdca386215fa av_one_full  avia-builder-el-39  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_button  first flex_column_div  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_textblock-2b9ebd70ae92a685cbbb76ebe186bfd5\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-av_textblock-2b9ebd70ae92a685cbbb76ebe186bfd5 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:24px;\ntext-align:left;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-av_textblock-2b9ebd70ae92a685cbbb76ebe186bfd5 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">This section contains a practical tool that you can use alone or in a group to redefine your approaches and motivations as you take part in an intercultural creative collaboration.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div  class='avia-button-wrap av-lhpbfyl6-d6205791fa146ae2368e8d800d2ed8a9-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-41  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_full  btn-explore'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lhpbfyl6-d6205791fa146ae2368e8d800d2ed8a9\">\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-lhpbfyl6-d6205791fa146ae2368e8d800d2ed8a9{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\nborder-color:#ff00ea;\ncolor:#191919;\nborder-style:solid;\nborder-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-lhpbfyl6-d6205791fa146ae2368e8d800d2ed8a9 .avia-svg-icon svg:first-child{\nfill:#191919;\nstroke:#191919;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/appropriation.cqt.ca\/en\/compass-self-reflection-course\/'  class='avia-button av-lhpbfyl6-d6205791fa146ae2368e8d800d2ed8a9 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-no avia-size-x-large avia-position-center'   aria-label=\"Explore the critical thinking process\"><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Explore the critical thinking process<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-lhqpsbuq-ae4fc934ded2c43b31a2933c6eda74c0 sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lhqpsbuq-ae4fc934ded2c43b31a2933c6eda74c0\">\n.flex_column.av-lhqpsbuq-ae4fc934ded2c43b31a2933c6eda74c0{\nheight:300px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 990px){ \n.flex_column.av-lhqpsbuq-ae4fc934ded2c43b31a2933c6eda74c0{\npadding:0 3% 0 3%;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-lhqpsbuq-ae4fc934ded2c43b31a2933c6eda74c0 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-42  el_after_av_button  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle  '     aria-label='Text carousel'  ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_headline_rotator-02bafcdd0015888f4991eb761d2807d1\">\n#top .av-rotator-container.av-av_headline_rotator-02bafcdd0015888f4991eb761d2807d1{\ntext-align:left;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-rotator-container.av-av_headline_rotator-02bafcdd0015888f4991eb761d2807d1 .av-rotator-container-inner{\nfont-size:28px;\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-sub-av-av_headline_rotator-02bafcdd0015888f4991eb761d2807d1\">\n#top .av-rotator-container .av-rotator-text-single.av-av_rotator_item-0539008a6e7d33cd65242a8fd50282c5{\ncolor:#191919;\n}\n#top .av-rotator-container .av-rotator-text-single.av-av_rotator_item-88d0988fe4735877c109c0b8f5f937aa{\ncolor:#191919;\n}\n#top .av-rotator-container .av-rotator-text-single.av-av_rotator_item-c112b678cd86dd2482a74515e291c04f{\ncolor:#191919;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-rotator-container av-rotation-container-left av-av_headline_rotator-02bafcdd0015888f4991eb761d2807d1  avia-builder-el-43  avia-builder-el-no-sibling ' data-interval='8' data-animation='0'><p class='av-rotator-container-inner'><span class='av-rotator-text av-rotator-multiline-off'>\n<span class='av-rotator-text-single av-av_rotator_item-0539008a6e7d33cd65242a8fd50282c5 av-rotator-text-single-1' >Are the cultural references and elements called upon (objects, music, rituals, knowledge, traditions, etc.) presented or used out of their cultural or historical context?<\/span>\n<span class='av-rotator-text-single av-av_rotator_item-88d0988fe4735877c109c0b8f5f937aa av-rotator-text-single-2' >Does the subject touch on political, historical or current issues involving discrimination\/violence against a person or a group of people?<\/span>\n<span class='av-rotator-text-single av-av_rotator_item-c112b678cd86dd2482a74515e291c04f av-rotator-text-single-3' >Could the way of representing this culture and\/or those belonging to it (text, scenography, music, costumes, acting) maintain or reinforce certain stereotypes?<\/span>\n<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. 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